1. The oldest meteorites are
   (A) irons.
   (B) stony irons.
   (C) chondrites.
   (D) achondrites.
   (E) carbonaceous chondrites.

2. Which of the following statements is true about meteorites?
   (A) Most meteorites are irons.
   (B) "Meteorite" is just another name for "meteor".
   (C) All shooting stars produce meteorites.
   (D) Irons have distinct crystal patterns that cannot be counterfeited.
   (E) all of the above.

3. Which type of meteorites has been found to carry organic compounds, such as amino acid?
   (A) chondrites.
   (B) achondrites.
   (C) icy meteorite.
   (D) irons.
   (E) stony irons.

4. The location of the Asteroid Belt is predicted by Bode's Law, which is based on
   (A) theory of gravitation.
   (B) general relativity.
   (C) electromagnetism.
   (D) quantum mechanics.
   (E) mathematical gibberish.

5. The Asteroid Belt is found between
   (A) Mercury and Venus.
   (B) Mars and Jupiter.
   (C) Saturn and Uranus.
   (D) Neptune and Pluto.
   (E) Earth and the Moon.

6. The combined mass of the asteroids is comparable to the mass of
   (A) the Sun.
   (B) Jupiter.
   (C) the Earth.
   (D) the Moon.
   (E) Pluto or less.

7. The origin of the asteroids is
   (A) extinguished comets.
   (B) remnants of planetesimals.
   (C) interstellar bodies captured by Mars.
   (D) interstellar bodies captured by Jupiter.
   (E) Marvin's junk yard.

8. Comets are
   (A) dirty snowballs.
   (B) made of iron.
   (C) silicates.
   (D) liquid hydrogen.
   (E) stony-iron asteroids.

9. Which of the following is correct about comets' tails?
   (A) The gas tail is yellowish.
   (B) The dust tail is blue because it reflects the blue skylight.
   (C) The gas tail, blown by the solar wind, is straight and points away from the Sun.
   (D) all of the above.
   (E) none of the above.

10. The source of short period comets is
    (A) the Asteroid Belt.
    (B) AAAOs.
    (C) Saturn's rings.
    (D) the Oort Cloud.
    (E) the Kuiper Belt.

11. Pluto is best described as
    (A) a terrestrial planet.
    (B) a Jovian planet.
    (C) an asteroid.
    (D) a Kuiper Belt object.
    (E) an Oort Cloud object.

12. Which of the following has not been detected directly at aphelion?
    (A) AAAOs
    (B) Pluto
    (C) the Oort Cloud
    (D) the Kuiper Belt
    (E) the Asteroid Belt

13. Meteor showers occur,
    (A) when the Oort Comet Cloud gets saturated.
    (B) when the Earth passes through a comet's orbit.
    (C) when the Earth orbits upstream the solar wind.
    (D) when the Earth collides with a small comet.
    (E) when the Earth passes through the Asteroid Belt.

14. The zodiacal light is
    (A) another name for twilight and dawn.
    (B) an electrical effect caused by the solar wind.
    (C) light reflected from dust in the plane of the Solar System.
    (D) caused by fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field.
    (E) the orange glow of the Moon when it is near the horizon.

15. Why are the inner planets made of heavy materials?
    (A) They are close to the Sun and were heated.
    (B) They were hit by comets.
    (C) They were rotating too fast.
    (D) Heavy materials fall faster than light materials, so the inner Solar System is mostly heavy stuff.
    (E) Iron was attracted to their powerful magnetic fields.

16. Why did the solar nebula collapse into a disk?
    (A) Gravitational attraction from the planets
    (B) Interstellar gas pressure
    (C) Thermodynamic lensing
    (D) Conservation of angular momentum
    (E) Spiral density waves

17. The sun is composed of mostly
    (A) hydrogen and nitrogen.
    (B) helium and nitrogen.
    (C) oxygen and nitrogen.
    (D) hydrogen and oxygen.
    (E) hydrogen and helium.

18. The part of the sun that we see with the naked eye is the
    (A) mantle.
    (B) radiative zone.
    (C) lithosphere.
    (D) photosphere.
    (E) core.

19. The age of the sun is approximately
    (A) 50 billion years.
    (B) 5 billion years.
    (C) 500 million years.
    (D) 5 million years.
    (E) 5 thousand years.

20. It has been concluded that the solar granules are convection cells with the brighter regions rising and the darker regions falling. This conclusion is derived from observations of
    (A) color and angular momentum.
    (B) electric current and magnetic field.
    (C) temperature and Doppler's shift.
    (D) brightness and wavelength.
    (E) temporal variations of the brightness.

21. The limb darkening of the Sun is caused by
    (A) thicker cloud coverage at the limb of the Sun.
    (B) seeing the hot core at the center of the Sun.
    (C) larger concentration of sunspots near the Sun's limb.
    (D) higher chemical abundances near the center of the Sun.
    (E) higher temperatures at larger depths in the photosphere.

22. The surface temperature of the Sun is closest to
    (A) 300 K
    (B) 2000 K
    (C) 6000 K
    (D) 40,000 K
    (E) 2,000,000 K

23. The Sun is
    (A) gaseous throughout
    (B) gaseous on the outside, liquid in the center
    (C) gaseous on the outside, solid in the center
    (D) solid throughout
    (E) gaseous on the outside with a molten hydrogen core

24. The spectrum of the Sun is
    (A) continuous without spectral lines.
    (B) an emission-line spectrum.
    (C) continuous with emission lines.
    (D) continuous with absorption lines.
    (E) a balckbody spectrum.

25. Which element was first discovered in the Sun's spectrum?
    (A) Cesium
    (B) Xenon
    (C) Radium
    (D) Chromium
    (E) Helium

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